ANALYSE DE L'IMPACT DES DIFFÉRENTES TECHNOLOGIES DE GÉNÉRATEURS DISTRIBUÉS SUR LES TENSIONS HARMONIQUES
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.59277/RRST-EE.2023.68.2.5Mots-clés :
Tensions harmoniques, Photovoltaïque (PV), Petite centrale hydroélectrique (sHPP), Réseau de distribution, Qualité de l'alimentation (PQ)Résumé
Bien que les générateurs distribués (DG) puissent réduire les émissions de dioxyde de carbone, ils peuvent également causer des perturbations et entraîner des problèmes de qualité de l'énergie (PQ), les tensions harmoniques étant un paramètre important à prendre en compte. Dans cet article, l'impact de 14 systèmes photovoltaïques (PV) connectés et d'une petite centrale hydroélectrique (sHPP) sur les distorsions de tension harmoniques dans un réseau de distribution réel moyenne tension (MT) et basse tension (BT) en Bosnie-Herzégovine a été analysé. Les outils de simulation réalisés par DigSILENT PowerFactory offrent un large éventail d'avantages qui donnent aux opérateurs de système la possibilité d'avoir un aperçu du comportement PQ en présence de sources d'énergie renouvelables intermittentes (SER). En raison de la production d'électricité par onduleur, les centrales photovoltaïques injectent des harmoniques dans le réseau BT. L'impact est relativement faible et ne viole pas les limites de la norme européenne PQ EN 50160 en raison de la puissance relativement faible des PV existants modélisés. Cependant, l'intégration de PV supplémentaires pourrait entraîner une violation des limites. Par conséquent, là où une grande puissance de centrales photovoltaïques est installée, s'il est possible d'intégrer des sHPP, elles contribueront à la réduction des harmoniques générées sans qu'il soit nécessaire de réduire la puissance du PV. La contribution de cet article est qu'il compare l'impact de différentes technologies de production d'énergie sur les tensions harmoniques en utilisant les données d'un réseau réel plutôt qu'un réseau de test.
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