SIGNIFICANT NOTES AND NEWLY DEFINED ACCURATE TERMS REGARDING CONTROLLED LINEAR SYSTEMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59277/RRST-EE.2025.4.19Keywords:
Linear systems, Performances, Maximum overshoot, Settling time, Step response, Ramp response, Steady stateAbstract
In certain instances, the conventional performance definitions can lead to misinterpretations in the control of linear systems. Hence, it becomes imperative to rectify these definitions. This paper presents new, precise definitions of performance metrics, along with significant insights into the transient and steady-state phases. Specifically addressing step responses, we refine conventional definitions of overshoot, rise time, and settling time for systems with final response values of zero. Furthermore, we give due consideration to the open-loop phase margin in stable systems. For the ramp response of controlled systems, where final values tend to infinity, we introduce new, accurate definitions of overshoot and settling time that apply in such cases. Numerous illustrative simulation examples are provided for each appended note.
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